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REST vs GraphQL: Which API Architecture Should You Use?

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 APIs are a foundational component of modern software systems, enabling communication between clients and servers. Two of the most commonly used API architectures today are REST and GraphQL. While both serve the same purpose, they differ significantly in design philosophy, data handling, and implementation complexity. REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style based on resources. Each resource is identified by a unique URL, and standard HTTP methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE are used to perform operations on those resources. REST APIs are stateless and typically return fixed data structures, making them simple to understand and easy to cache using native HTTP mechanisms. GraphQL, on the other hand, is a query language and runtime that allows clients to request exactly the data they need. Instead of multiple endpoints, GraphQL exposes a single endpoint backed by a strongly typed schema. Clients define the structure of the response, which helps elimina...
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COVID-19 in 2025: New Variants, Regional Surges, and Global Shifts

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  As of May 28, 2025, India is witnessing a moderate resurgence of COVID-19 cases, prompting health authorities to implement precautionary measures. The emergence of new variants and policy shifts both domestically and internationally are shaping the current pandemic landscape. 🦠 Current COVID-19 Situation in India India has reported a total of 1,010 active COVID-19 cases, with Kerala accounting for over 40% of these infections. Other states like Maharashtra, Delhi, and Karnataka are also experiencing a rise in cases. Notably, Lucknow has reported its first case in 17 months, indicating the virus's continued presence.   The uptick in cases is attributed to the detection of two new sub-variants: NB.1.8.1 and LF.7. NB.1.8.1 was first identified in Tamil Nadu in April, while LF.7 has been confirmed in Gujarat. Both variants are currently under observation by global health authorities.   🏥 Regional Responses and Precautionary Measures Punjab : After a 51-year-...
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🌌 Signs of Life Beyond Earth? Scientists Detect Potential Biosignatures on Distant Exoplanet

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For decades, the question “Are we alone in the universe?” has lingered at the edge of human curiosity. In April 2025, that question took a dramatic leap toward an answer. Astronomers analyzing data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have detected potential signs of life on an exoplanet called K2-18b , located about 124 light-years away in the constellation Leo. This marks one of the most compelling discoveries in the search for extraterrestrial life — and the implications are staggering. 🪐 What is K2-18b? K2-18b is no ordinary exoplanet. It's what scientists call a "Hycean" planet — a type of exoplanet with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and a potentially water-covered surface. It’s over twice the size of Earth and orbits within the habitable zone of its star, meaning it’s at just the right distance to support liquid water — a key ingredient for life as we know it. 🔬 The Discovery: Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS) Using the JWST's powerful instruments, researchers d...
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India-China Discuss Resuming Direct Flights

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 ​ India and China Explore Resumption of Direct Flights After Nearly Five Years ​ India and China have initiated discussions to resume direct passenger flights, marking a significant step toward normalizing relations after nearly five years of suspended air travel. The suspension followed the 2020 Galwan Valley clash, which severely strained diplomatic and economic ties between the two nations. ​ Background: Suspension of Flights In June 2020, a deadly border clash in the Galwan Valley resulted in the deaths of 20 Indian soldiers and an undisclosed number of Chinese troops. In response, India suspended direct passenger flights to China, imposed restrictions on Chinese investments, and banned several Chinese mobile applications. While cargo flights continued, passenger services remained halted, affecting business, tourism, and cultural exchanges. ​ Recent Developments Civil Aviation Secretary Vumlunmang Vualnam confirmed that India and China have conducted an initial round o...
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Apple's Next Big Thing: iPhone 17 and the Future of Wearable Tech

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  As we approach the anticipated launch of the iPhone 17 series in Fall 2025, rumors and leaks provide a glimpse into Apple's forthcoming innovations. From significant design overhauls to the introduction of new wearable technology, here's what we can expect from Apple's next big releases. 📱 iPhone 17 Series: Anticipated Features 🔍 Design and Display iPhone 17 Air : Apple is rumored to introduce an ultra-thin model, the iPhone 17 Air, emphasizing a minimalist design. However, this sleek form factor may come with trade-offs, such as reduced battery capacity and a single-lens camera system. ​ iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max : Expect a redesigned camera bump reminiscent of Google's Pixel series, a more scratch-resistant display, and an aluminum frame. These models aim to balance aesthetics with durability. ​ 📸 Camera Innovations Triple 48MP Rear Cameras : The Pro models are expected to feature a triple-camera setup, each with 48-megapixel sensors, including an...
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India–UK Free Trade Agreement: A New Era of Economic Cooperation

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  As of April 2025, India and the United Kingdom are on the cusp of finalizing a landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA), with 90% of the deal already agreed upon. This development marks a significant milestone in the bilateral relations between the two nations, promising to reshape trade dynamics and foster economic growth. Key Highlights of the Agreement 1. Tariff Reductions on Key Exports The FTA aims to substantially reduce tariffs on major British exports to India, including Scotch whisky, automobiles, and food products. Currently, these items face tariffs as high as 150% in India. The reduction is expected to boost UK exports and provide Indian consumers with more affordable options. ​ 2. Resolution of Visa and Mobility Issues A longstanding point of contention—mobility and visas for Indian workers—has seen significant progress. The two countries have largely resolved issues related to social security contributions for Indian professionals in the UK, paving the way for ...
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Reviving the Dire Wolf: A Leap in Genetic Engineering or a Step Too Far?

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  In an unprecedented scientific endeavor, Colossal Biosciences has announced the birth of three genetically engineered canines—Romulus, Remus, and Khaleesi—claiming them to be the first "de-extincted" dire wolves since the species vanished over 10,000 years ago. This development has ignited a complex debate at the intersection of biotechnology, ethics, and conservation. The Science Behind the Revival Colossal's approach involved extracting ancient DNA from dire wolf fossils, specifically a 13,000-year-old tooth and a 72,000-year-old ear bone. By comparing these genetic sequences with those of modern gray wolves, scientists identified approximately 20 key genetic differences associated with the dire wolf's distinctive traits, such as larger size and pale fur. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology, these specific genes were modified in gray wolf embryos, which were then implanted into domestic dog surrogates, resulting in the birth of the three pups. ​ Debat...
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